An LED bulb or LED light bulb is an electrical light that emits light using light-emitting diodes (LEDs). LED lamps are significantly more energy efficient than equivalent incandescent bulbs and can be significantly more efficient than most fluorescent lamps. The most efficient commercially available LED lamps have an efficiency of 200 Lumens per Watt (Lm/W). Commercial LED bulbs have far longer lifespans than incandescent bulbs.
LED lamps require electronic LED driver circuitry to operate from mains power lines and the losses in this circuitry mean that the efficiency of the lamp is lower than the efficiency of the LED chips used in it. The driver circuitry may require special features for compatibility with dimmers designed for use with incandescent lamps. Usually the current waveform contains some amount of distortion, depending on the luminaire technology.
The market for LED lamps is forecast to grow from US$75.8 billion in 2020 to US$160 billion in 2026.
Some LED lamps replace incandescent or fluorescent lamps. LED bulbs may contain multiple packages of LEDs to improve light dispersion, heat dissipation and reduce overall cost. The text on the retail packaging of LED bulbs may indicate the light output in Lumens, power consumption in Watts, colour temperature in Kelvin or colour descriptions such as ‘warm white’, ‘cool white’ or ‘daylight’, operating temperature range. The power consumption and sometimes the equivalent wattage of an incandescent lamp providing the same power in Lumens.